I BELIEVE IN BUTTER!

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Did you know that vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat soluble? That means that they NEED fat to be able to absorb into your body. Did you know that vitamin D is needed for calcium absorption? Did you know that fat helps your body digest carbs? Did you know that in order to make food "low fat" or "fat free" they up the sugar, salt, and chemicals? It isn't even food anymore by the time it is done. It is something as foreign to your body as plastic and your body can not use it to nourish you. 

Did you know that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats can lower cholesterol and reduce your risk of heart disease? How is that bad? I just don't understand your logic. Fat does not make you fat. And even if you are fat, so what. Screw it all. Be healthy! Fat helps keep your skin and eyes healthy as well as your brain. The brain is 60% lipids! Those are things I care about.

So what does all of this mean? 'Saturated fat' means fat where the molecule cannot fit any more hydrogen atoms on. 'Mono-unsaturated' means the fat molecule has room for one more hydrogen atom, 'polyunsaturate' means it has room for more than one. Hydrogenated fat isn't technically a saturated fat, so it looks OK on the label. But it is actually vegetable oil blasted with hydrogen so that it behaves like saturated fat and most of the time is chemically bonded with sugar. Basically it stays solid at room temperatures so that the product doesn't "seem" oily to the consumer.

So what, it is just vegetable oil, right? Lets take a look at how its made.....
1. Vegetable oil is mixed thoroughly with fine particles of nickel or copper.
2. It is then heated to a very high temperature (about 200 degrees celsius) and held at that heat for 6 hours.
3. Meanwhile, hydrogen gas is pumped through the mixture at high pressure, and then the excited hydrogen atoms penetrate the vegetable oil molecules and chemically change them into 'transfats' ('trans fatty acids'). These are new, complex substances that are not found in nature, except at low levels in some animal fats.
4. The mixture is then cooled down to form tiny hard plastic-like beads. These hard beads are known as 'hydrogenated oil'.
The beads of hydrogenated oil are mixed with liquid vegetable oil and heated up again to a high temperature. when this mixture cools you have margarine. Margarine made like this can contain 'trans-fats' at levels up to 40%.

Here is the kicker - Foods can call themselves "trans-fat free" even if they contain up to half a gram of trans fats per serving. Look on the ingredients list. If a food contains partially hydrogenated oils, it contains trans fats.

I am going to leave it alone at that. I wasnt even planning on preaching that much, but oh well. Some other day I will cover other fun facts having to do with MSG, Food Dyes, Artificial Sweeteners, and why you should never eat table salt!

Chicken Waterers and Seed Starters, Oh My!

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Today it was in the 60's. It was so beautiful. We spent most of the day outside with the chickens and the dogs. I got the chicken waterer rigged up, and it is fantastic. Definitely makes my life easier. I drilled some holes in a 3 gallon bucket, put some nipples through the holes (which I got at QC Supply for $1.89/each) and hung it from the ceiling of the chicken coop. Here is exactly how I made it (but I didn't buy from FarmTek, they were $1.00 more/each). This was so easy to do!

Since that is done and out of the way, time to get some more seeds going. This is what my dining room table looks like right now....I am about half done. 

So far I have planted seeds for:

Basil (7 different kinds including cinnimon), thyme, dill, rosemary, cilantro, marjoram, sage, spearmint, lemon balm, parsley, oeregeno, sweet mace, feverfew

Bell peppers (4 different kinds), hot peppers (a mix), sweet peas, garden peas, yard beans, green beans, sunflowers, cucumber, snake cucumber, black zucchini, green zucchini, yellow squash, watermelon (tons), cantaloupe (tons), pumpkins (2 different kinds), spinach, lettuce

Thus far I have over 1000 seeds started. Around 1000 more to go. That will happen this week!

Home Made Cleaning Solution

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So here is what I did today. I made a GIANT jar of cleaning solution. It was a lot brighter in the room then I thought it was, sorry about the pic being so bright. That is a regular Ball jar in front of my huge Ball jar though. 

To make the cleaning solution:

Fill a jar with citrus peels (grapefruit, lemon, orange, etc), fill the rest of the jar with white vinegar. Let sit for 2 weeks. Strain. Add essential oil if you wish. Use diluted 1:1. 

This is a great de-greaser. Use it in your kitchen, bathroom, floor, wherever. You are going to LOVE IT!

To Borax or not to Borax?

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     I love my dishwasher. It is my 3rd favorite thing in my house behind my cat, Mr. Pickles, and my clothes washer. Scott is number 4. SO, that being said I have seriously considered things like not using these environment raping thieves. So much water use, so many chemicals, what to do? Then I got to thinking about it. I can still use them, I just have to be smart about it.
    I made a commitment to get rid of all the chemicals in my house and it is happening slowly as we run out of things. It is now time for the first big ticket item, dishwasher detergent. Up until now it has been small things, vinegar to clean the windows, Jojoba oil for my moisturizer, etc. 
     So you have 2 options here, to use Borax, or not to use Borax. What is the difference? I don't really know myself. From what I can tell it is a matter of opinion. Some people don't believe it is good for human consumption.
     Lets find out what it is - (From Wiki) Borax is used in various household laundry and cleaning products, including the "20 Mule Team Borax" laundry booster and "Boraxo" powdered hand soap. Despite its name, "Borateem" laundry bleach no longer contains borax or other boron compounds. Borax is also present in some tooth bleaching formulas. It is also an active ingredient in indoor and outdoor ant baits and killers.
     Well, that is all well and good, but can I eat it? It is going to be all over my dishes, right? I mean, look at this ad, they are washing babies in it!

     Borax, given the E number E285, is used as a food additive in some countries, but is banned in the US. As a consequence, certain foods, such as caviar, produced for sale in the US contain higher levels of salt to assist preservation. Its use as a cooking ingredient is to add a firm rubbery texture to the food, or as a preservative. In oriental cooking it is mostly used for its texturing properties. In Asia, Borax was found to have been added to some Chinese foods like hand-pulled noodles and some rice noodles. In Indonesia it is a common, but forbidden, additive to such foods as noodles, bakso (meatballs), and steamed rice. The country's Directorate of Consumer Protection warns of the risk of liver cancer with high consumption over a period of 5–10 years.
     This leaves me with too many questions. #1, What E number is the Borax that is sold as a cleaning agent, and what are its health issues? #2, what constitutes high consumption (and does it matter)?
     At this point, I am going to to just quit looking into it and go with the Borax free option. I read reviews on both and people seem to like the Borax free option a little bit more anyway. I should have just left it at that. I will look into Borax more if I do not like the Borax free version of the detergent I make or if I find that I need it for something else.
So, here are some good recipes for both:

Borax Free Dishwasher Detergent - 

• 1 cup washing soda 
• 1/4 c. citric acid 
• 1/4 c. coarse salt 
• 10-15 drops of citrus essential oil (Optional.  Orange, grapefruit, or lemon essential oils have great cleaning as well as antibacterial properties.)
• Homemade Citrus Vinegar Cleaner

Mix first 3 ingredients well in an air tight container. Add essential oil.  Mix again.  Fill your rinse aid compartment with undiluted citrus vinegar cleaner.

Use 1 tsp. detergent for average loads.
Use 1 tbsp. detergent for extra greasy, dirty loads.

Dishwasher Detergent with Borax - 

• - 1 cup Washing soda
• - 1 cup Borax
• - ½ cup salt
• - ½ cup citric acid

Mix together and store tightly covered in a Mason Jar. Use one tablespoon per load. Add vinegar to the rinse dispenser for the best results.

Meal Plan for the Week.....

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I plan my meals in the middle of the week. Wednesdays are great for me because I don't have class. I can kind of do it in between catching up on homework. The menu will start on Friday. Tomorrow I will cook everything I can ahead of time and prepare what I can, as well as do my grocery shopping. 
So here it is, the next 7 days. I generally plan for at least 2 of the meals not getting eaten or getting substituted for something else. This week my substitutions are a Thai Chickpea Pizza and some Kale and Chickpea stew. Why are those my substitutions? Because I can go shopping for the ingredients for everything else and won't have to buy extra for those items. The ingredients in those 2 are either already in my cabinets or already on my shopping list. 
If we don't eat something on the menu, nothing goes to waste. We are big on smoothies and juicing around here. Both make a great snack or a quick breakfast on the go. 
Last but not least, why does a menu for 5 days last us 7 days? Leftovers. There are tons of them. And sometimes we both have really busy days where we just grab what we can out of the fridge, there is no cooking. Sometimes we get really lucky and go out to dinner too, but no matter what, I have found that for our family at least, planning 7 days is too much. We never eat it all. 
I should also note that these are the base recipes, the recipes I pull offline or out of cook books. We modify almost every single one in small ways as we are cooking. If the recipe calls for an ingredient that we don't keep in the house, ketchup for instance, then we just throw some tomato sauce and turmeric in there, or if it calls for Worcestershire we usually wont use it. If we modify a recipe drastically I will post what we did to it, and change the recipe in the archive to match what we did. 

And don't forget - 

Breakfast: Apple Oats Baked Casserole

fresh fruit

almond milk

Lunch: Veggie Sandwich

Dinner: Alu Chole Indian Curried Chickpeas

Apple Oats Baked Casserole

I love experimenting with this one. I tend to get whatever dried fruit is on sale or even frozen berries and kind of make it up as I go along. We eat the heck out of this. 

Ingredients

2 cups rolled oats, 1/2 cup raisins, 1 cup coconut shredded, 2 medium apples chopped, 2 1/2 cups almond milk, 1/2 cup almonds slivered

Directions

Arrange ingredients in layers as listed below.

1/3 Oats, 1/2 Raisins, 1/2 Coconut, 1/3 Oats, All of the apples, 1/2 Milk, Raisins, Oats, Coconut, Almonds, Milk

Bake at 350 for 30-40 min.

NOTES

If prepping the night before and baking in the morning - leave out the milk then add it just before you place it into the oven.

Alu Chole Indian Curried Chickpeas

Ingredients

1 c rice uncooked, 1 t oil, 1 medium onion chopped, 2 cloves garlic minced, 1 (15 ounce) can canned chickpeas, 1 (15 ounce) can canned diced tomatoes, 2 medium potatoes peeled & chopped, 1/2 tsp salt, 1/4 tsp turmeric, 1 tsp curry powder, 1 tsp garam masala, 1 tsp lemon juice, cilantro optional topping

Directions

Begin cooking rice according to on package instructions. (You will need 1/2 cup cooked rice per serving.)

Heat a large skillet to medium / high heat and saute onion until golden brown. Add garlic and saute for approximately 1 min or until golden. Add

splashes of water as needed.

Add diced tomatoes, chickpeas (drained & rinsed) and potatoes (peeled & chopped) to the large pan.

Cover and cook for 8-10 minutes.

Remove lid and cook for an additional 4-6 minutes or until potatoes are tender.

Add seasonings, garnish with cilantro and serve hot over rice. Enjoy!

NOTES

For some added color and nutrition throw in some peas for Alu- Chole Mater.

Breakfast: Corn Oat Waffles with Fruit Sauce

orange juice

peanut butter

Lunch: Grilled Veggie Burger

Dinner: Asparagus Cashew Stir-Fry

Corn Oat Waffles

Ingredients

2 cups warm water, 1 cup quick oats, 1/4 cup corn meal, 1/4 cup milled flax seed, 1/4 cup raw cashews, 1/2 tsp salt, 2 Tbsp corn starch

Directions

Place all ingredients into a blender. Blend on Medium/High for 1-2 min. until batter is smooth.

Let batter set for 3-5 min. to allow mixture to thicken. Meanwhile heat waffle iron.

Pour batter in the waffle iron and cook for 4-8 min. or until golden brown.

Place golden brown waffles on a cooling rack to keep them crispy. (Note: stacking hot waffles causes condensation to build up which makes for

a soggy waffle.)

Serve hot and pile high with your favorite toppings.

NOTES

These waffles freeze great! Reheat by simply placing waffles in the toaster until thawed and crispy.

Black Bean & Sweet Potato Burgers

These are Scott's favorite. I never thought I would get him to eat veggie burgers, but he loves these. I load them up with quinoa and flax seed to give them more texture and I freeze large batches of them to have on hand for a quick lunch/dinner.

Source: Alli's Kitchen

Ingredients

2 cans black beans or 4 cups cooked, 1 large sweet potato cubed and steamed, 1/4 medium onion red or white, 1/2 cup quinoa flakes, 1 TBSP dijon, 1 tsp cumin, dash cinnamon, 1/4 tsp salt, 1/4 tsp ginger fresh or dried

Directions

Steam sweet potato and process in food processor with onion and the rest of the ingredients minus the beans.

Add beans last and pulse a few times.

Then scoop 1/4 cup patties onto cookie sheet lined with freezer paper and freeze til firm.

Bake in oven at 350 for 8 -10 minutes each side, or pan-fry for 3-5min on each side.

NOTES

These freeze well raw and can be baked before serving. Place leftover patties between freezer paper and store in a freezer safe container.


Asparagus Cashew Stir-Fry

Ingredients

(Sauce)

2 tbsp water, 2 Tbsp corn starch, 1 1/2 cups vegetable stock, 3 Tbsp soy sauce, 1 Tbsp ginger, 1/4 tsp red pepper flakes, 2 cloves garlic minced, 2 tsp sesame oil, 6 oz tofu, 1 onion chopped, 2 cups asparagus, 1 medium bell pepper, 1 cup mushrooms, 4 green onions, 1/2 cup cashews, sesame seeds to garnish

Directions

SAUCE

Whisk together the cornstarch and water, then stir in the remaining ingredients for the sauce: vegetable stock, soy sauce, ginger, red pepper

flakes and garlic. Set aside.

STIR-FRY

Drain and blot dry tofu then cut into 1/2" cubes. In a large pan or wok brown tofu in sesame oil. Set tofu aside.

Add onion, bell pepper and asparagus to hot pan and saute for 3-5 minutes.

Add the mushrooms, green onions and cashews, cooking for an additional 3-4 min.

Pour sauce mixture over stir-fried veggies. Reduce heat and simmer until sauce thickens then add tofu.

Breakfast: Oatmeal

whole wheat toast

grape fruit

Lunch: Avocado and tomato Sandwiches

Dinner: Black Bean & Rice Bake

Black Bean & Rice Bake

Ingredients

1 cup brown rice long grain, 1 medium onion chopped, 2 cloves garlic minced, 1 medium bell pepper chopped, 1 (15 ounce) can black beans, 1 (15-ounce) can corn drained & rinsed, 1 (10 ounce) can tomato soup, 2 1/2 cups water b oiling, 1 tsp chili powder, 1 1/2 cup cheese alternative shredded, cilantro garnish

Directions

Preheat oven to 375 degrees. Lightly oil a large casserole dish.

In a large skillet, over medium heat, saute rice, onion, garlic and pepper until rice is toasted and the onions are clear.

In casserole dish mix all the ingredients, holding out 1/2 cup cheese alternative.

Cover and bake for 20 minutes then stir. Bake for an additional 30 minutes, stir, then top dish with the remaining 1/2 cup cheese alternative. Bake for another 3-5 minutes.

Garnish with cilantro & enjoy!

NOTES

For a variation, use veggie burger instead of black beans.

Breakfast: Pancakes

pancake toppings

fresh fruit

Lunch: Pita Pocket Sandwiches

Dinner: Black Beans & Quinoa

Pancakes

Ingredients

1 1/4 cups whole wheat flour, 2 Tbsp sugar/honey, 2 tsp baking powder, 1/2 tsp salt, 1 1/4 cups almond or soy milk, 1 Tbsp canola oil or apple sauce

Directions

Mix together dry ingredients flour, baking powder, sugar and salt.

In a separate bowl whip together wet ingredients milk and oil.

Make a well in the center of your dry ingredients and pour wet mixture into it. Stir together until smooth. (If you prefer fluffier pancakes, you will

want to mix the wet and dry ingredients slightly less. Your batter will be lumpy.)

With a ladle or large spoon, scoop batter onto a medium heated pan. When bubbles form and the batter becomes browned on the edges, flip

over until fully cooked.

Finish off the rest of your batter and enjoy.

NOTES

These are great to freeze for a quick breakfast for later.

Black Beans & Quinoa

Ingredients

2 (15 ounce) cans black beans, 3/4 cup quinoa uncooked, 1 1/2 cup water or vegetable broth, 1 (15 ounce) can corn, 1 medium onion diced, 3 cloves garlic minced, 1 tsp cumin, 1 tsp chili powder, 1 TBSP vegetable buillon, fresh cilantro chopped

Directions

Bring quinoa, water and bullion to a boil in a medium pot. Reduce heat, cover and simmer for 12-15 min. or until water is absorbed into the quinoa.

Note: If you’re using vegetable broth, exclude the vegetable bullion.

In a large skillet or pan saute onion and garlic with a splash of water or a dab of oil until onion is translucent.

In the large skillet add black beans, corn, cooked quinoa and seasonings. Heat thoroughly.

Garnish with fresh cilantro, serve and enjoy!

Notes

Serve this dish with chips and salsa, a fresh avocado and tomato salad.

Breakfast: Scrambled Tofu with Hashbrowns

whole wheat toast

oragne juice

Lunch: Quinoa Salad Wraps

Dinner: Chickpea & Sweet Potato Curry

Quinoa Salad Wraps

Ingredients

3/4 cup quinoa uncooked, 1 1/2 cups water, 1 Tbsp mckay's chicken-like seasoning, 1 Tbsp nutritional yeast flakes, 3 medium green onions, 6 black olives, 1 medium tomato, 1/2 medium green pepper, 1/2 medium cucumber, salad greens or spinach, shredded cheese alternative optional, whole wheat tortillas

DRESSING

1 Tbsp olive oil, 1 Tbsp lemon juice, 1/2 Tbsp apple cider vinegar, 1/2 tsp salt

Directions

Add water, quinoa, McKay’s and nutritional yeast to a medium sauce pan and cook on medium heat. Cook until water is mostly absorbed

stirring occasionally.

Meanwhile wash and dice the veggies placing them in a large bowl. Toss with oil, lemon juice, vinegar, and salt.

When quinoa is tender and the majority of the water is absorbed, remove from heat and let cool.

Toss quinoa with veggies and serve.

Serve in a tortilla with spinach, cheese alternative (optional) for a light lunch.

Chickpea & Sweet Potato Curry

Ingredients

1 Tbsp oil, 1 medium onion chopped, 2 cloves garlic minced, 1 Tbsp ginger fresh, minced, 1 medium jalapeno minced, 1 medium sweet potato peeled & cubed, 1 medium potato peeled & cubed, 1 (14.5 ounce) can chickpeas drained & rinsed, 1 (14.5 ounce) can cocnut milk, 1 c water, 2 cups sweet peas frozen, 1 (15-ounce) can diced tomatoes, 1 Tbsp curry powder, salt & pepper to taste, basmati rice, green onions garnish

Directions

If serving with rice cook the desired serving amount according to on package instructions.

In a large pot over medium heat saute onion, garlic, ginger and jalapeño until the onion is clear.

To the pot add: sweet potato, potato, chickpeas, coconut milk and 1 cup water. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat. Simmer veggies until potatoes are tender,

approximately 10-15 minutes.

Add seasonings, frozen peas and diced tomatoes. Simmer until heated thoroughly.

Serve over rice, then garnish with minced green onions and nuts. Enjoy!

NOTES

For less heat remove the seeds & ribs from the jalapeno. For more heat add a hotter variety of pepper.

I wash my face with oil......

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     The weirdest thing happened to me when I went veg, my face became the driest place on the planet. I don't think I am the only one this happened to, I cant be. Now, I am not saying that I had great skin to begin with. When I was a teenager I had skin like porcelain, but then around 28 (when I started eating food out of a box and whatever could be delivered to my door) I started getting acne. I tried everything. I ordered expensive cleansers, I went to spas, there was no rock I left un-turned......except for one. Using natural products. Not products you buy at the store in a tube labeled natural, I mean actual natural products. 

     So here I was, making this commitment to myself that I wasn't going to use chemicals anymore, and my face was falling off. I was so dry around my mouth that I looked like I had fallen asleep, drooled all over myself, then forgot to wash my face. It was bad. What in the hell was I supposed to do? I Googled it. 

     Baking soda! Of course! I mixed baking soda with some coconut oil and voila! My skin was looking better already. Cut to a few weeks later, and I was using the exfoliant about 3 times a week when I got out of the shower, and using straight coconut oil as a moisturizer. I had stopped washing my face. My skin looked amazing, better then ever. This was getting expensive though. Not only was I using the coconut oil on my face, I was using it to moisturize my whole body. I looked online for a cheaper coconut oil, but I couldn't find anything that didn't make me feel like I was throwing money out the window. I don't mind cooking with it, I don't mind using it sparingly, but I felt wasteful rubbing it all over my body for the sake of beauty. I needed alternatives. 

     I did some more research, and what I came up with was Jojoba Oil and Olive Oil. Jojoba Oil is pretty amazing, I have been hearing about its benefits for years, but I had gotten to the point where I didn't trust hype anymore. I should have stopped listening to the hype of processed chemicals and started listening to the hype of nature a long time ago, because this stuff is AMAZING. I mean, holy cow. My skin is perfect. PERFECT. And my hair! Its so soft and shiny! What more could I ask for? 

     So how do I use it? I took an old glass spray bottle I had that contained a hair product and I cleaned and sanitized it (essential oils can break down plastic). I filled it with about 2/3 olive oil and 1/3 Jojoba Oil. I also added about 30 drops of tea tree oil, 6 drops of rose oil, 5 drops of lemon oil, and 5 drops of orange oil. All of these are food grade and certified organic. This oil smells SO good (my boyfriend cant get enough) but each essential oil has its own benefits as well.  I will have a list at the bottom of the blog for you on the benefits of each oil. Now, instead of washing my face, I have kept up exfoliating about 3 times a week with the baking soda and coconut oil, but at night and in the morning I spray a little bit of my Jojoba Oil mixture onto a washcloth and wash my face with it. I rinse with warm water, and apply just a bit more to my face to moisturize if needed. I also use this same mixture on my entire body including my hair for moisture. ALL OF MY HAIR PRODUCTS HAVE BEEN THROWN OUT, except for shampoo and conditioner! I don't need them anymore! 

     So, basically, I have gotten a heck of a lot prettier by switching to natural products, and I am getting tons of health benefits from it too. I will take that! 

Benefits from each product I am using:

Jojoba Oil - 

Uses: Eye and face makeup remover, moisturizer, facial cleanser, massage oil, foot and hand softener, deep conditioning treatment for hair, mend split ends of hair by applying a small amount to damp hair, cuticle treatment, lip conditioner, shaving prep and aftershave, acne treatment. 

Benefits: Jojoba oil is both antibacterial and anti fungal. Therefore Jojoba oil can really assist in the reduction of pimples and acne. Jojoba oil is also naturally rich in vitamins A, B1, B2, B6 and E, all of which are incredibly nourishing for the skin. Vitamin A is known to be an excellent wrinkle fighter whilst Vitamin E is used to minimize scaring in the skin.

Olive Oil - 

There are a variety of antioxidants in olive oil including Vitamin A and E but the most potent compound is hydroxytyrosol (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxytyrosol). Hydroxytyrosol is a very rare but potent antioxidant found in olive oil that prevents free radical damage on skin cells.  Its deep penetrating properties not only moisturize your skin but also help brighten your skin.

TeaTree Oil - 

Antibacterial, Antimicrobial, Antiseptic, Antiviral, Balsamic (promotes absorption of nutrients from food and gives protection from diseases), Cicatrisant (heals wounds quicker and protects them from infections, as well as helps neutralization of the scar marks and after spots left by eruptions, boils, pox, acne etc.), Expectorant, Fungicide, Insecticide, Helps remove toxins from the body. 

Rose Oil - 

Antidepressant, Antiseptic, Antiviral, Aphrodisiac, Astringent, Bactericidal (It can be used in treatment of typhoid, diarrhea, cholera, food poisoning and other diseases which are caused by bacteria. Further, it can cure internal bacterial infections like in colon, stomach, intestines and urinary tract as well as external infections on skin, ears, eyes and in wounds.), Purifies blood, Great for the health of your liver, Soothes stomach and prevents ulcers, Regulates hormone production and helps balance them, It is one of the best oils which can give you a shining, fresh and youthful skin. 

Lemon Oil - 

Relieves stress, helps insomnia, helps aid in weight loss, strengthens hair and helps dandruff, Lemon oil is also a good remedy for the increasing the luster of dull skin. It's astringent and detoxifying in nature, and rejuvenates dull skin. Its antiseptic properties help in treating pimples and various skin disorders. Lemon is also recommended for oily skin.

Orange Oil - Anti inflammatory, Antidepressant, Aphrodisiac, Antiseptic, Diuretic, Very good for maintaining a healthy, smooth and glamorous skin. It also helps cure acne and dermatitis.